{"id":845,"date":"2023-08-13T21:37:05","date_gmt":"2023-08-13T21:37:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/?p=845"},"modified":"2023-08-28T23:32:21","modified_gmt":"2023-08-28T23:32:21","slug":"overview-of-instrument-landing-systems-in-aviation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/overview-of-instrument-landing-systems-in-aviation\/","title":{"rendered":"Overview Of Instrument Landing Systems in Aviation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"845\" class=\"elementor elementor-845\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-e8e38b5 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"e8e38b5\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-45f67a4\" data-id=\"45f67a4\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-135d689 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"135d689\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 20-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Have you ever wondered how planes, that are at such high speeds even during landing, land in adverse weather conditions where the visibility is so low that a pilot would not be able to see more than a few hundred feet? The aircraft relies on certain systems known as Instrument Landing Systems, that are available at the airport.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>An instrument landing system (ILS) is a precision radio navigation system that provides short-range guidance to aircraft to allow them to approach a runway at night or in bad weather<\/strong>.<\/p><p>Let us dig in a little deeper into what the Instrument Landing Systems are and how they help the aircraft to land safely in adverse conditions, where the visibility is too low for the pilots to visually see the runway and make a safe landing.<\/p><h2 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-2xl leading-[36px] pt-[21px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Introduction of the Instrument Landing Systems<\/h2><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The ILS was developed in the 1920s and 1930s, and became widely used during World War II, especially by the US and UK forces. It was adopted as the international standard for precision approaches by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) in 1947.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Since then, it has been improved and refined, and different categories of ILS have been defined to allow lower decision heights and runway visual ranges depending on the equipment and qualifications of both the aircraft and the airport.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The ILS is still a widespread and reliable system for landing in poor visibility conditions, although newer technologies such as global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) are gradually replacing it.<\/p><h2 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-2xl leading-[36px] pt-[21px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">How does an Instrument Landing System (ILS) work?<\/h2><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>ILS consists of two directional radio signals, the localizer and the glideslope, that together provide pilots with both horizontal and vertical guidance respectively, during the landing approach.<\/strong><\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">In order to guide the aircraft during landing, the pilot relies on signals displayed on an instrument, often accompanied by additional pointers on the attitude indicator. The goal is to keep these indicators centered as the aircraft approaches the runway, reaching the decision height.\u00a0<\/p><p dir=\"ltr\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-863\" src=\"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ils_indicators_in_cockpits.png\" alt=\"Indicators in cockpit that show the position from the ILS signals\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ils_indicators_in_cockpits.png 800w, https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ils_indicators_in_cockpits-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/ils_indicators_in_cockpits-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">This height represents the minimum altitude at which the pilot must spot the runway or decide to abort the landing. It&#8217;s a critical moment that requires precision and focus from the pilot.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The ILS usually includes high-intensity lighting at the end of the runways to help the pilot locate the runway and transition from the approach to a visual landing<\/p><h2 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-2xl leading-[36px] pt-[21px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">What are the components of an Instrument Landing Systems?<\/h2><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The ILS consists of four main components: the localizer, the glideslope, the marker beacons, and the runway lighting.<\/p><h3 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-xl leading-[30px] pt-[15px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Localizer<\/h3><p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-848\" src=\"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/localizer_ils.png\" alt=\"localizer antennas near the runway\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/localizer_ils.png 800w, https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/localizer_ils-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/localizer_ils-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The localizer is a radio transmitter that emits two narrow intersecting beams, one slightly to the right of the runway centerline, and one slightly to the left. The beams are modulated with different frequencies,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.faa.gov\/about\/office_org\/headquarters_offices\/ato\/service_units\/techops\/navservices\/gbng\/ils\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> 90 Hz for the right beam and 150 Hz for the left beam<\/a>. The receiver on board the aircraft detects both frequencies and compares their strength.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">If both frequencies are equal, it means that the aircraft is on the centerline of the runway. If one frequency is stronger than the other, it means that the aircraft is off-center, and needs to correct its course accordingly.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The localizer provides azimuth guidance, or lateral deviation from the centerline, up to 18 nautical miles (NM) from the antenna, which is usually located at the opposite end of the runway from where the aircraft lands.<\/p><h3 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-xl leading-[30px] pt-[15px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Glideslope<\/h3><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The glideslope is another radio transmitter that emits two narrow intersecting beams, one slightly below the required vertical profile, and one slightly above it. The beams are also modulated with different frequencies, 90 Hz for the lower beam and 150 Hz for the upper beam. The receiver on board the aircraft detects both frequencies and compares their strength.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">If both frequencies are equal, it means that the aircraft is on the correct vertical descent profile. If one frequency is stronger than the other, it means that the aircraft is too high or too low, and needs to adjust its altitude accordingly.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The glideslope provides elevation guidance, or vertical deviation from the desired glide path, up to 10 NM from the antenna, which is usually located on the side of the runway, about 1,000 feet from the threshold.<\/p><h3 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-xl leading-[30px] pt-[15px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Marker beacons<\/h3><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Marker beacons are radio transmitters that emit a distinctive tone or Morse code when an aircraft passes over them. They are used to provide distance information as the approach proceeds. There are three types of marker beacons: outer marker (OM), middle marker (MM), and inner marker (IM).<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The OM is located about 5 NM from touch-down, and indicates that the aircraft has intercepted the localizer beam. The MM is located about 1 NM from touch-down, and indicates that the aircraft has reached the decision height for a Category I approach. The IM is located near the runway threshold, and indicates that the aircraft has reached the decision height for a Category II or III approach.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Not all ILS approaches have all three marker beacons, and some may use distance measuring equipment (DME) instead.<\/p><h3 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-xl leading-[30px] pt-[15px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Runway lighting<\/h3><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Runway lighting consists of high-intensity lights that help the pilot locate the runway and transition from the instrument approach to a visual landing. There are different types of runway lighting, such as approach lighting system (ALS), runway end identifier lights (REIL), runway edge lights (REL), runway centerline lights (RCL), and touchdown zone lights (TDZ).<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The ALS is a series of lights that extend from the runway threshold to about 2,400 feet or more along the centerline. The ALS provides visual cues for the alignment and distance of the runway. The REIL are two flashing white lights that identify the runway end. The REL are white lights that outline the runway edges. The RCL are white lights that mark the runway centerline. The TDZ are white lights that indicate the touchdown zone of the runway.<\/p><h2 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-2xl leading-[36px] pt-[21px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">What are the different categories of ILS?<\/h2><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">The ILS is classified into different categories according to the minimum decision height and runway visual range required for the approach. The lower the category, the more precise and reliable the equipment and the pilot must be. The categories are:<\/p><ul class=\"pt-[9px] pb-[2px] pl-[24px] list-disc [&amp;_ul]:pt-[5px] pt-[5px]\"><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"1\">Category I (CAT I): The decision height is not lower than 200 feet (60 m) above the runway threshold elevation, and the runway visual range is not less than 550 m (1,800 ft).<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"2\">Category II (CAT II): The decision height is not lower than 100 feet (30 m) above the runway threshold elevation, and the runway visual range is not less than 300 m (1,000 ft).<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"3\">Category III (CAT III): There are three subcategories of CAT III, depending on the decision height and the runway visual range:<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0 list-none\" value=\"4\"><ul class=\"pt-[9px] pb-[2px] pl-[24px] list-disc [&amp;_ul]:pt-[5px] pt-[5px]\"><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"1\">CAT IIIa: The decision height is not lower than 50 feet (15 m) above the runway threshold elevation, and the runway visual range is not less than 175 m (575 ft).<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"2\">CAT IIIb: The decision height is lower than 50 feet (15 m) above the runway threshold elevation, or no decision height is used, and the runway visual range is not less than 50 m (165 ft).<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"3\">CAT IIIc: No decision height or runway visual range limitations.<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><h2 class=\"font-semibold text-gray-800 text-2xl leading-[36px] pt-[21px] pb-[2px] [&amp;_a]:underline-offset-[6px] [&amp;_.underline]:underline-offset-[6px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Can an autopilot land an aircraft without Instrument Landing Systems at an airport?<\/h2><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\"><b><strong class=\"font-semibold\">No, an autopilot cannot land an aircraft without Instrument Landing Systems (ILS) at an airport.<\/strong><\/b> The ILS is a critical component that provides accurate and reliable guidance for landing, especially in adverse weather conditions or low visibility situations.\u00a0<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">In the absence of ILS, the autopilot won&#8217;t be able to determine the aircraft\u2019s height above the ground accurately or maintain the correct lateral control during landing. Thus, without ILS, pilots have to rely on other navigation aids, or more likely, manual control to land the aircraft. It underscores the need for airports to equip with certified and calibrated ILS for facilitating autopilot-assisted landings.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">But, it is important to note that autopilot can still be engaged at airports without ILS. This allows pilots to use the autopilot to fly the aircraft from cruising altitude all the way down to a certain altitude close to the ground before they take over manual control and complete the landing procedure. Thus, even without ILS, an autopilot can make flight operations faster, safer and smoother.<\/p><p dir=\"ltr\">If you would like to know about <a title=\"What Is An Autopilot In An Aircraft?\" href=\"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/what-is-an-autopilot-in-an-aircraft\/\">autopilots in aircrafts check this post.<\/a><\/p><h2 class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Some other frequently asked questions about Instrument Landing Systems:<\/h2><h3 class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Do pilots always use ILS to land?<\/h3><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>No, pilots do not always use the Instrument Landing System (ILS) to land.<\/strong> Though ILS provides crucial assistance during poor weather conditions or at night, it isn&#8217;t always necessary. In clear weather conditions, pilots often opt for a visual approach, relying solely on their eyesight and visual references on the ground.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Additionally, not all airports are equipped with ILS, necessitating the use of other navigation aids or GPS-based systems for approaches and landings. However, even when ILS isn&#8217;t used for landing, pilots regularly train on it to maintain their proficiency.<\/p><h3 class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Does every airport have ILS?<\/h3><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\"><strong>No, not every airport is equipped with an Instrument Landing System (ILS).<\/strong> The presence of ILS is largely dependent on the airport&#8217;s size, location, and volume of traffic. Major international airports and those located in areas prone to adverse weather conditions typically have ILS to facilitate safe landings.<\/p><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Smaller airports, particularly those in regions with generally clear weather, often operate without ILS, utilizing other navigational aids or visual references for landing. It&#8217;s important to note, however, that even without ILS, stringent safety procedures and protocols are in place to ensure safe landings at all times.<\/p><h3 class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">Do airlines use ILS or RNAV?<\/h3><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\"><b><strong class=\"font-semibold\">Airlines may use either ILS or RNAV <\/strong><\/b>depending on several factors, such as:<\/p><ul class=\"pt-[9px] pb-[2px] pl-[24px] list-disc [&amp;_ul]:pt-[5px] pt-[5px]\"><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"1\">The availability of ILS or RNAV equipment at the airport and on board the aircraft. Not all airports have ILS facilities, especially in remote or less developed areas. Similarly, not all aircraft have RNAV capabilities, especially older models.<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"2\">The requirements of the airport and <a title=\"Overview of Airspace and its classifications in Aviation\" href=\"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/overview-of-airspace-and-its-classifications-in-aviation\/\">the airspace<\/a>. Some airports may have mandatory or preferred ILS or RNAV procedures for certain runways or traffic conditions. Some airspace may also have minimum RNAV or RNP specifications for certain routes or altitudes.<\/li><li class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] my-[5px] [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ol]:!pb-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pt-0 [&amp;&gt;ul]:!pb-0\" value=\"3\">The preferences of the pilot or the airline. Some pilots may prefer ILS over RNAV because they are more familiar with it or they trust it more. Some airlines may prefer RNAV over ILS because they can save fuel and time by using more direct routes.<\/li><\/ul><p class=\"text-base font-normal text-gray-800 leading-[24px] pt-[9px] pb-[2px]\" dir=\"ltr\">In summary, airlines use both ILS and RNAV depending on various factors, such as availability, requirements, and preferences. Both systems have their pros and cons, and they serve different purposes in helping aircraft land safely and accurately.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Have you ever wondered how planes, that are at such high speeds even during landing, land in adverse weather conditions where the visibility is so low that a pilot would not be able to see more than a few hundred feet? The aircraft relies on certain systems known as Instrument Landing Systems, that are available at the airport.<\/p>\n<p>An instrument landing system (ILS) is a precision radio navigation system that provides short-range guidance to aircraft to allow them to approach a runway at night or in bad weather.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":849,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/845"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=845"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1057,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/845\/revisions\/1057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=845"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=845"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilotsjetway.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}